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Types of Photovoltaic Power Generation System

Independent (stand-alone) PV systems
Use batteries, solar PV systems generate electricity during the day, and for the load and charging, battery-powered night-time, self-sufficient.
Definition: use a battery and inverter (inverter) power transmission function of the inverse-free solar electricity generation system.
For locations: mountains, islands, base station ... and so electricity can not reach the Department
Work: Photovoltaic power generation for the load during the day and charge at night, battery-powered, self-sufficient (necessary with battery)
Considerations:
System design considerations and more (group of columns, battery capacity, load and cloudy day so the safety factor, the best design complexity)
Generally no maximum power point tracking charge controller, batteries to power efficiency with less
Battery Daily> 50%, the Ministry of Defence deep discharge,> 0.2C discharge charge, short life
Solar power generation does not match the load demand, the utilization of solar energy for power generation is low (the load demand and the safety factor with conflicting design)
PV diesel generators, solar, wind ... etc. to improve the method of hybrid systems

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The power grid type (grid) PV systems
Electricity load in parallel, usually parallel with the photovoltaic power generation systems, and for the load, not enough electrical power from the Taiwan Power Company. Like the electricity power system as an unlimited, infinite life free battery.
Definition: converter (inverter) with inverse transmission functions, operational in parallel mode of solar electricity generation system.
Apply Venue: anywhere in the power of normal service
Work: parallel day photovoltaic systems generate electricity at night by the Taiwan Power Supply. Electricity power system side will be treated as an infinitely large, infinitely free battery life
Advantages: The system is simple, without safety factor, easy to maintain. With maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and power generation efficiency. Solar energy utilization of high power
Disadvantages:
Power outage to automatically shut down, so no electricity, no disaster prevention functions. Generally parallel with the battery inverter can not directly use (except those with special functions)

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Emergency disaster type (independent / parallel hybrid) solar photovoltaic system
And electricity and the battery with. Normal Solar System in parallel for power generation and load and charge for the night by the Taiwan Power Supply. Typhoons, heavy rain, power outages, there is still enough battery can arrange relief, until the time when the utility back is no problem.
Definition: converter (inverter) with the inverse transmission function, while device battery, can operate in parallel mode or independent mode of solar electricity generation system.
For locations: a disaster needs (lighting, Kap Shui Mun, communications ...。) public facilities
Work:
Usually parallel photovoltaic power generation, high efficiency, high utilization, at night by the Taiwan Power Supply
Need to build enough of the disaster as batteries, photovoltaic power generation during the day long power outage for the load and charge at night, powered by battery power source suitable for use as disaster relief
Batteries usually (or regular) maintenance float, without the daily depth of discharge, life can be extended
Disadvantages: contains two high cost of system implementation, the system more complicated


Need to set the size and cost
Install solar systems should be set to the location and size. * A peak kilowatts (Labour Party), PV systems are required to use the settings area of about 10 square meters.

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(Peak kWh: about noon when the sun is under the amount of solar output. That is about 25 degrees Celsius to 1000 W/m2 when the intensity of the sun, AM1.5 spectrum for the irradiation of 1 kW power output The solar cell capacity, as a peak kWh).

If the power grid to maintain stability and power supply, four peak kW required for a home electricity. Parallel tasks include system 1 (Labor Party) to set the cost of about NT 250000 yuan, an average of 3 kWh a day made more than 20 years of useable life of the system.

Independent system need to install the battery so the cost is higher but can be used in emergency disaster prevention, rescue and remote areas of the power supply.